Soils are a blend of clay, sand and the stony galestro limestone that is special to Tuscany. Grape clusters were reduced to one or two per stalk in May to assure maximum quality at harvest. In the winery, grapes were hand sorted and destemmed, and the skins were broken rather than crushed. Fermentation took place in a combination of temperature-controlled and lined, open-top tanks, with manual punching down and 25-day maceration, followed by malolactic fermentation. Lots were blended when the wine is placed in barriques and also at the first racking. The wine was aged 18 months in new French Allier barriques and 12 months in bottle.